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Paul M. Joyal (born 1954) is an American security analyst and media commentator who frequently comments on political and security matters concerning Russia and former Soviet countries. A critic of the administration of Russian president Vladimir Putin, in late February 2007 Joyal told ''Dateline NBC'' that the murder of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko served as a warning to all critics of the Putin government.〔 ("Who killed Alexander Litvinenko?" ), ''Dateline NBC''〕 A few days later, on March 1, Joyal was shot and wounded outside his home in Adelphi, Maryland. The ''Washington Post'' reports that the attack is under investigation by the FBI.〔("Expert on Soviet Intelligence Shot in Adelphi" ), ''Washington Post'', March 3, 2007〕〔("Russian Intelligence Expert Shot" ), NBC4〕 Earlier that evening, Joyal had dined with former KGB general Oleg Kalugin; Kalugin (whom the Russian Government accused of being a US agent) later told the ''Washington Post'' that he was not sure whether the attack was politically motivated.〔( "Intelligence Specialist's Shooting Stirs Speculation" ), ''Washington Post'', 4th March 2007〕 Joyal holds a master's degree in international relations from The Catholic University of America〔(Joyal's biography ) at National Strategies Inc.〕 He was a staff member for the U.S. United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence〔("Still Spying After All These Years" ), ''Time Magazine'', June 29, 1992〕 In 1991 Joyal founded a security consulting company, Intercon International USA Inc., which published a weekly newsletter about security affairs in the former Soviet bloc.〔"Lawmakers put domestic spy agency on their agenda", Martin Kady II, ''Congressional Quarterly Daily Monitor'', October 15, 2002〕 He later became a vice president at, and currently serves as managing director at National Strategies Inc.〔 He has been cited as an expert source by many news outlets, including ''Time Magazine''〔 and PBS ''The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer''.〔("Terrorism in Moscow" ), PBS ''The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer'', October 24, 2002〕 His published works include the book ''Fifteen Years of Espionage'' (ISBN 0935067140) and "Singling out Arab-Americans," the January 21, 1991, editorial in the ''Washington Post'' 〔("Singling out Arab-Americans" ), ''Washington Post'' January 21st 1991 (cited via the ''Congressional Record'')〕 He has close ties with the government of the Republic of Georgia: in 1998 he acted as the country's first lobbyist to the U.S. Government,〔 and he is listed as the contact for the 501(c)(3) charitable organization founded by former Georgian president Eduard Shevardnadze.〔(501 c3 filing of the E Shevardnadze Foundation for Democracy and Security http://www.taxexemptworld.com/organization.asp?tn=299688 ), taxexemptworld.com〕 In 2005 he spoke at the Georgian Embassy in Washington, DC, at the memorial service for Zurab Zhvania, the former speaker of the Georgian Parliament.〔(Text of Joyal's speech at Zhvania's memorial service )〕 In Nov. 2012, over five years after the shooting, his attackers had not been found.〔(Attack on Kremlin Critic in D.C. Suburb Still Unsolved One Year Later ), By Jeff Stein, CQ National Security Editor, Feb. 15, 2008〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paul Joyal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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